2008年5月22日 星期四

聯合國之宗旨及原则


聯合國憲章是1945626日聯合國國際組織會議結束時在舊金山簽字的,于19451024日生效。

聯合國之宗旨及原则

第一條聯合國之宗旨爲:
I.
維持國際和平及安全;並為此目的:採取有效集體辦法、以防止且消除對於和平之威脅,制止侵略行為或其他和平之破壞;並以和平方法且依正義及國際法之原則,調整或解決足以破壞和平之國際爭端或情勢。
II.
發展國際間以尊重人民平等權利及自決原則為根據之友好關系,並採取其他適當辦法,以增強普遍和平。
III.
促成國際合作。以解決國際間屬於經濟、社會、文化、及人類福利性質之國際問題,且不分種族、性別、語言、或宗教、增進並激勵對於全體人類之人權及基本自由之尊重。
IV.
協調各國行動之中心,以達成上述共同目的。

第二條為求實現第一條所述各宗旨起見,本組織及其會員國應遵行下列原則:

一、本組織係基於各會員國主權平等之原則。

二、各會員國應一秉善意,履行其依本憲章所擔負之義務,以保証全體會員國由加入本組織而發生之權益。

三、各會員國應以和平方法解決其國際爭端,避免危及國際和平、安全、及正義。

四、各會員國在其國際關係上不得使用威脅或武力,或以與聯合國宗旨不符之任何其他方法,侵害任何會員國或國家之領土完整或政治獨立。

五、各會員國對於聯合國依本憲章規定而採取之行動,應盡力予以協助,聯合國對於任何國家正在採取防止或執行行動時,各會員國對該國不得給予協助。

六、本組織在維持國際和平及安全之必要範圍內,應保証非聯合國會員國遵行上述原則。

七、本憲章不得認為授權聯合國干涉在本質上屬於任何國家國內管轄之事件,且並不要求會員國將該項事件依本憲章提請解決;但此項原則不妨礙第七章內執行辦法之適用。

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